Weavers became beggars, manufacturing collapsed and the last 2000 years of Indian textile industry was knocked down. Pages in category "Social groups of Gujarat" The following 157 pages are in this category, out of 157 total. Frequently, the shift from emphasis on co-operation and hierarchy in the caste system to emphasis on division (or difference or separation) is described as shift from whole to parts, from system to elements, from structure to substance. As regards the rest of Gujarat, I have used various sources: my work on the caste of genealogists and mythographys and on the early 19th century village records; the available ethnographic, historical and other literature; and observations made while living m Gujarat. Most of the other eighty or so second-order divisions among Brahmans, however, seem to be subdivided the way the Vania second-order divisions were subdivided into third-order and fourth-order divisions. Unfortunately, such figures are not available for the last fifty years or so. Our analysis of caste in towns has shown how it differed significantly from that in villages. Kuntasi, Lothal and Somnath of Gujarat regions in Harrapan civilization were familiar with weaving and the spinning of cotton for as long as four thousand years ago. Thus, at one end, there were first-order divisions, each of which was sub-divided up to the fourth-order, and at the other end there were first-order divisions which were not further divided at all. The unit might possess some other corporate characteristics also. Among the first-order divisions with subdivisions going down to the fourth order, there are associations for divisions of all the orders. For example, there were two ekdas, each with a large section resident in a large town and small sections resident in two or three neighbouring small towns. These divisions have, however, been kept out of the present analysis for reasons which have become well known to students of Hindu society since the 1950s. This was about 22% of all the recorded Mehta's in USA. I hope to show that the integration of the study of caste in urban areas with that of rural areas is essential to a comprehensive understanding of caste and its implications for Indian society and culture. This list may not reflect recent changes. Caste associations have been formed on the lines of caste divisions. Usually, it was a small population. Once the claim was accepted at either level, hypergamous marriage was possible. Significantly, a large number of social thinkers and workers who propagated against the hierarchical features of caste came from urban centres. In the second kind of area, indigenous Kolis live side-by-side with immigrant Kolis from an adjoining area. Our analysis of the internal organization of caste divisions has shown considerable variation in the relative role of the principles of division and hierarchy. I should hasten to add, however, that the open-minded scholar that he is, he does not rule out completely the possibility of separation existing as independent principle. The larger castes and even larger subdivisions among them used to have their houses segregated on their own streets (called pol, sheri, khadki, vad, khancho). https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Social_groups_of_Gujarat&oldid=1080951156, Social groups of India by state or union territory, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 4 April 2022, at 12:36. The main occupation of Vankars was the weaving of cloth. The guiding ideas were samaj sudharo (social reform) and samaj seva (social service). There are other sub-castes like Satpanthis, who are mainly centered in Kutch district and have some social customs akin to Muslims . Frequently, marriages were arranged in contravention of a particular rule after obtaining the permission of the council of leaders and paying a penalty in advance. It was also an extreme example of a division having a highly differentiated internal hierarchy and practising hypergamy as an accepted norm. There were also a number of first-order divisions, mainly of artisans, craftsmen and specialized servants, with small populations. The Rajputs, in association with the Kolis, were probably the only horizontal unit which had continuous internal hierarchy, i.e., hypergamy unbroken by any endogamous subdivisions, and which did not have discernible boundaries at the lowest level. One of the clearly visible changes in caste in Gujarat is the increasing number of inter-divisional or so-called inter-caste marriages, particularly in urban areas, in contravention of the rule of caste endogamy. Use census records and voter lists to . It owned corporate property, usually in the form of vadis (large buildings used for holding feasts and festivals, accommodating wedding guests, and holding meetings), huge utensils for cooking feasts, and money received as fees and fines. Caste divisions of the first-order can be classified broadly into three categories. I have not yet come across an area where Kolis from three or more different areas live together, excepting modern, large towns and cities. <>/ExtGState<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/Annots[ 9 0 R] /MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> In any case, the population of any large caste was found in many kingdoms. This meant that he could marry a girl of any subdivision within the Vania division. //