which of the following is a pathogen quizlet

Eleanor Noss Whitney, Ellie Whitney, Frances Sizer, DIET200 Chapter 4: Digestion and Absorption. general (a) How are these toxins similar? Simgle-celled microscopic animals that realease enzymes or toxing that destroy cells are called what? passive, neutral Section: 07.02, Which of the following is not a sign of inflammation? *The complement proteins "complement" certain other immune responses. This mutation affects the A-subunit, preventing it from interacting with any host protein. P. aeruginosa usually causes localized ear and eye infections but can cause pneumonia or septicemia in vulnerable individuals like newborn babies. Proper and regular hand washing is the key to the prevention of the spread of nosocomial infections, "According to the 2011 Tork Report, you come in contact with 300 surfaces every 30 minutes exposing you to ___________ germs! systemic lupus erythematosus There is currently no vaccination available for Hepatitis B. The final temperature of the system is 100^\circC. IgM Approximately how many people in New Mexico are infected with the HIV and/or AIDS? they only act internally. 8 00:48:34 Multiple Choice Supergroup Amoebozoans - Giardia intestinalis (Giardiasis) Supergroup Amoebozoans - Entamoeba histolytica (Amoebiasis) Supergroup SAR - Plasmodium (Malaria) Supergroup Excavata. false Strep throat is caused by a? Bloodborne pathogens areinfectious microorganisms in human blood that can cause disease in humans. Certain complement proteins kill foreign microbes by the purpose of a protective environment for highly immunosuppressed patient is prevent transmission of infection to patient, Molecular and Cellular Radiation Biology: Cha, Radiation Protection Radiation Monitoring, Julie S Snyder, Linda Lilley, Shelly Collins. All of the following diseases are primarily spread by animals or insects except? 2003-2023 Chegg Inc. All rights reserved. )IAjBhX3d_FXLM5[7w ;crmYzw=4+7+ts37m?FW`4Tm*;`BGAQx ."VE1 Which of the following is the correct definition of the term Nosocomial Infection? It acts as a spreading factor. the bacterium becoming most resistant to antibiotic treatments, such as penicillin, is known as what? True D Viruses, Which childhood disease causes infantile paralysis? Which of the following is NOT a way for pathogens to enter the body? Section: 07.04, Cytokines assist in regulating white blood cell formation. a form of immune deficiency, anything the immune system recognizes as foreign to the body AIDS is associated with the destruction of the white blood cells in the body. B. Cryptococcus A(n) __________ pathogen causes disease only when conditions are favorable for the microorganism because of transfer to an inappropriate body site or weakened immunity in an individual. (c) The number of pathogen particles began to decline/die off. :lL2ti+KXP? Section: 07.02. IgG antibodies bind to pathogens, activate the compliment and enhance phagocytosis. Tuberculosis, rheumatic fever A communicable disease that can be easily transmitted from person to person is which type of disease? i0g:M&$"w I4EBKLVE^Jqrv>A5N\ Julio and his dinner guests are likely to experience food-borne illness if he A. wipes the knife used to cut up the raw chicken on a hand towel before using the knife to cut up the salad vegetables. a type of sking infection spread by direct skin-to-skin contact is what? True ____ 1. *(c) ion. Identify the similarities and differences between a lake and a stream. Section: 07.02. histamine. Explain how the current discovery of the presence of this reported P. aeruginosa could lead to a recurrence of nosocomial disease. Adhesins are usually located on __________ of the pathogen and are composed mainly of __________ and __________. Which of the following would be a sign of an infection? During which stage of the infection process is an individual highly contagious? It is characterized by redness, swelling, and pain. Which of the following is a major virulence factor for the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus? the . Healthcare providers that use the sinks could also pick up the pathogen and transmit the bacterium to patients as well. in a household with smokers, which of the following health outcomes is most likely to occur, if a family was exposed to arsenic over a long period of time, which of the following health outcomes would be most likely, nervous system disorders and problems in brain development leading to low IQ. If clearly labeled, food and drink are permitted in areas where BBP exposures may occur. Which of the following are most likely to be. produce antibodies. delayed allergic Which of the following viruses lives permanently in the cells and flares up periodically? Can you place a MediaPlayer in multiple MediaViews? In July 2015, a report1 was released indicating the gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found on hospital sinks 10 years after the initial outbreak in a neonatal intensive care unit. In each of the following sentences, cross out any incorrect word and write the correct word above it. IgD antibodies signify the readiness of the B cells. Virulence factors contribute to a pathogens ability to cause disease. 32. I will be given an exposure plan by my clinical instructor/coordinator detailing what steps I should take if I am exposed to a potentially infectious source while at my clinical site. involves chemical barriers to entry. Molecular Kochs postulates are used to determine what genes contribute to a pathogens ability to cause disease. possess fimbrae. bone marrow and thyroid How much to the bowl? innate B-cell mediated. He has a fever of 38 C (100.4 F) and complains of nausea and a constant migraine. antiviral drugs can completely eradicate viral infections. 6. Definition. You have recently identified a new toxin. Explain how helminths evade the immune system. delayed allergic active Acupuncture involves needles that are inserted into the skin. answer choices Virus Bacteria Fungi Parasite/Protist They are all alive Question 2 10 seconds Q. Leishmania (Leishmaniasis). 33 Which of the following protozoan supergroup - pathogen pairs is incorrect? They are both forms of an immune deficiency. which of the following is a pathogen, risk is often presented as _________, which is a measure of the statistical likelihood that something will occur, generally speaking, as economic development occurs, the risk of exposure to indoor air pollution _______, and the impact of over consumption of food and tobacco _________, advocates of environmental justice seek which of the following, risks related to development spread evenly across all populations, You are working with a chemical, so to educate yourself about the chemical's hazard, you read its material safety data sheet (MSDS) the msds indicates that the LD50 for the chemical is 5 grams per kilogram body weight this LD50 indicates that____, Half of the animals tested died when given that dose of the chemical, Which of the following is a cryonic effect of exposure to a toxin, The process of risk assessment includes all of the following except, Weighing the risk against economic, social, and legal considerations, Although bisphenol (BPA) is found in plastics sold in the United States, the chemical has been banned in many countries because it is, thalidomide was banned because it was determined to be, leaded paint and gasoline are longer available in the US because lead is, which of the following pollutants is/are readily dissolved and transported in water, which of the following organisms runs the highest risk of harm as a result of the biological magnification of pollutants, which of the following diseases is spread via water containing infected human waste, how can a flu virus be more dangerous than the ebola virus, individuals infected with a flu virus tend to travel and spread the disease before they get sick, benefits that we draw from the environment, what disease is expected to become more widespread as a result of global climate change, prevent disease outbreaks and harm from natural disasters, air pollution causes considerable harm to human health, based on your understanding of how air pollution affects people, which of the following examples is most likely to cause harm, a carcinogen is released from gasoline while a car is being filled. True 27. C Athlete's foot and ringworm Kochs postulates are used to determine whether a particular microorganism is a pathogen. adaptive, innate -Hand washing 35. The organism that attaches itself to healthy cells is called a/an: A virus. toxic shock syndrome has been assiciated witht the use of what? pa help po sagutan 10 words lang po ok na po thanks po neutrophils It acts as an opsonin i.e. *Hay fever is a hypersensitivity. B cell activated; antigen binds to BCR; B cell divides; plasma cells form Calculate the natural swinging period of the system. Which of the following individuals introduced the terms "aerobes" and "anaerobes"? epinephrine. 7. Distinguish between the signs and symptoms of disease in Brian's case. OSHA mandates that all employers are required to develop an Exposure Plan outlining what steps are to be taken to prevent exposure to bloodborne pathogens. Why will a diverging (convex) mirror never produce a real image? Which of the following pathogens undergoes antigenic variation to avoid immune defenses? Organisms that carry and pass on the pathogen without getting the disease, some types of escherichia coli are normal flora of the, the most important way to stop the spread of infection is through. You'll get a detailed solution from a subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts. (c) What initiates the period of decline? This page titled 15.E: Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity (Exercises) is shared under a CC BY 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by OpenStax via source content that was edited to the style and standards of the LibreTexts platform; a detailed edit history is available upon request. All of the following are effective strategies for preventing the common cold, except? *It is true that cytokines assist in regulating white blood cell formation. possess specific receptors. The hallmark symptoms of meningitis include all of the following except? Eukaryotes Phagocytes are both mobile and found in fixed locations throughout the body. Some helminths are so large that the immune system is ineffective against them. This category is best described by which of the following? If you have a __________, you literally have a plant living on your body. Describe the virulence factors associated with the fungal pathogen Aspergillus. all of the following are true statements concerning mononucleosis except? A. a surface protein allowing the pathogen to bind to host cells B. a secondary host the pathogen can infect C. a surface protein the host immune system recognizes D. the ability to form a provirus A 10. Section: 07.02, Which of the following is not considered a barrier to entry of a pathogen? The site-specific document that describes how UNLV complies with the BBP standard is the. intact skin IgA antibodies prevent pathogens from attaching to epithelial cells in the digestive and respiratory tract. 36. Section: 07.05, Cytokines are signaling molecules produced by T lymphocytes. a. pathogens b. nonpathogens c. opportunistic pathogens d. indigenous microflora e. saprophytes: Term. A) Anton van Leeuwenhoek B) Louis Pasteur C) Robert Koch . Bacterial toxins include endotoxin and exotoxins. inactivating their ribosomes. B. capsule Some fungi produce toxins and exoenzymes involved in disease production and capsules that provide protection of phagocytosis. <>/ExtGState<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 816.96] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> Draw the symbol that represents the pathogen. Describe how molecular Kochs postulates could be used to test this hypothesis. Suppose X is Poisson distributed with parameter =2.\lambda=2.=2. Rheumatoid arthritis is associated with chronically inflamed joints. The EPS can act as an absorbent, reducing the amount of antibiotic that can attack the bacterial cells. Diseases that involve biofilm-producing bacteria are of serious concern. (a) The patient exhibits the signs and symptoms of the disease in both of these periods. Which of the lymphatic organs is also part of the skeletal system? They use up nutrients and release wastes, preventing pathogenic bacteria from gaining a foothold. Describe the motion of air particles inside an inflated balloon. If it were positive, the site of the test would become hardened and red. -An employee who is exposed to a pathogen during the course of regular work duties. 30. It is important to understand and follow your employer's policies regarding bloodborne pathogens. 19. One set of the body's defenses are called "innate." Draw the Lewis structure for each of the following molecules: to avoid eating a high concentration of mercury, which food should you select, soybeans watered with water from the river, which of the following approaches could help reduce the risk of malaria in a city without introducing new risks to human populations, search for and remove items that could hold accumulated water. helper T cell Which virus may be a contrututing factor in the development of cervical cancer? List the types of substances to which each of the following chromatographic methods is most applicable: 16. *Active immunity involves making your own antibodies against an antigen, whether it is introduced via an infection or a vaccination. Endotoxin is the lipid A component of the LPS of the gram-negative cell envelope. All of the following are major forms of disease transmission except? Which of the following is a nonspecific defense against pathogens? causing them to burst. A communicable disease that can be easily transmitted from person to person is which type of disease? 4 0 obj In this case, the person has acquired a(n) __________ disease. *Allergic responses are hypersensitivities (greater sensitivities). B. at time of initial assignment and annually thereafter. HCG One of the most important steps I can take to prevent exposure to bloodborn pathogens is to be mindful of my surroundings at all times in the clinical setting. agglutinating them. The page below is a sample from the LabCE course OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens. active, neutral The virus infected the gorillas and chimpanzees, but only the chimpanzees got sick since the virus is not a pathogen to gorillas. Pathogen A has an ID50 of 50 particles, pathogen B has an ID50 of 1,000 particles, and pathogen C has an ID50of 1 106 particles. Neglect rolling friction. *Anything that the immune system recognizes as foreign to the body is called an antigen. which biological agent is not considered by terrorist for the mass destruction of people? False, False Can you place a Media in multiple MediaPlayers? Test Prep. *The spleen cleanses the blood. 100% (2 ratings) 8) e) Mannose-binding lectin because this protein plays a very crucial role in the activation of the complementation pathway called the lectin pathway. Protozoal infection may lead to ht edevelopmen t of all the following conditions except? False, True Which of the following are considered Personal Protective Equipment or PPE? Which pathogen is most virulent? u|m_0 O0"Nff ~#e The glycoprotein adhesion gp120 on HIV must interact with __________ on some immune cells as the first step in the process of infecting the cell. Explain why each of these is important for human survival. D. degrade cell membranes to allow pathogens to escape phagosomes, 13. Explain how the current discovery of the presence of this reported P. aeruginosa could lead to a recurrence of nosocomial disease. We]D!DTJewEj(dd.v,"t?huBwh7Vr5qjazNlAZO;8?&EToAb#xBxjzl?ch"x\}CAASM{Pj\^ViATinfMi\k+>!aOi/_gw]6/U)M~+ 8c Zj-L*c. Brian goes to the hospital after not feeling well for a week. tonsils and thymus The Shiga and diphtheria toxins target __________ in host cells. Section: 07.03, What is the definition of an antigen? Number if studies suggest that these elevated concentrations can be traced back to emissions from rockets. (a) In what way are both of these periods similar? A disease causing organism is called at what? Acupuncture is a form of alternative medicine that is used for pain relief. *In severe combined immunodeficiency disease, both B and T cells are lacking. destroying their nucleic acids. B Inchworms They release histamine which causes blood vessels to become permeable. B Fungi The reason the complement system is called that is because it produces T and B cells. Antigenic __________ is the result of reassortment of genes responsible for the production of influenza virus spike proteins between different virus particles while in the same host, whereas antigenic __________ is the result of point mutations in the spike proteins. A difference between an acute disease and chronic disease is that chronic diseases have an extended period of __________. memory cell - it acts as a mutagen and carcinogen C. marinates the cut-up pieces of raw chicken in the . Which of the following is not a bacteria disease? macrophages For each of the following pairs of isotopes, indicate which one you think would be radioactive: You have recently identified a new toxin. You also discover that it targets liver cells. CINO2CINO_2CINO2 (NNN is the central atom), a harmful condition that is spread from one living thing to another. complimentary IgD C white blood cells. False 2. what is the function of human lymphatic system? 28. Diseases that involve biofilm-producing bacteria are of serious concern. mucous membranes True rheumatic fever In Model 1 a pathogen (virus, bacteria, foreign protein, parasite) has entered the bloodstream of an individual. Calculate the outside air temperature. -Cough etiquette 9. 8. If the lymph system did not do its job, what would be one of the consequences? Patients who are at risk due to surgical incisions, weakened immune systems due to pre-existing conditions or medical treatments could use those sinks, transfer the pathogen to their bodies and develop an infection or disease. Devise an arrangement of mirrors allowing you to see the back of your head. 1. D Polio, Which disease is often called the "kissing disease" because you can get it from contact with saliva? ", "The use of gloves does not eliminate the need for proper and regular hand washing. The principal reason the company ran that ad was to attract attention. they act indiscriminately against all pathogens. True 4. possess specific receptors. True or false: Which of the following represent epigenetic changes caused by a pathogen that can affect its ability to cause infection in the host? Explain how acupuncture could facilitate exposure to pathogens. What is the most common way a nosocomial infection is acquired? A __________ cannot live without its host for very long. Imagine that a mutation in the gene encoding the cholera toxin was made. 31. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like pathogens are one of the major sources of environmental risks. 2. sAR@`c&bChM=U,:n^W#*@'P|P\(Fdhv '?t2.qzM57r%e %KO%Li'[Tqo\,j6m active, passive EKG, MHC a vaccination. thyroid and tonsils (b) liquid partition. When the immune system fails to recognize its own body tissue and begins to attack it, it is known as what? Determine the free-vibration response of the triple pendulum shown in given figure for li=l(i=1,2,3)l_i=l(i=1,2,3)li=l(i=1,2,3) and mi=m(i=1,2,3)m_i=m(i=1,2,3)mi=m(i=1,2,3) for the initial conditions 1(0)=2(0)=0\theta_1(0)=\theta_2(0)=01(0)=2(0)=0, 3(0)=30,i(0)=0(i=1,2,3)\theta_3(0)=\theta_{30}, \dot{\theta}_i(0)=0(i=1,2,3)3(0)=30,i(0)=0(i=1,2,3). Section: 07.03, People with allergies do not produce IgE. The human leg can be compared to a physical pendulum, with a "natural" swinging period at which walking is easiest. True a generalized and nonspecific set of defenses against a class or group of pathogens. stream C. It is an example of an adhesin. Something about names of all department personnel. A. Candida 2. B red blood cells. 2. A Bacteria Phospholipases are enzymes that do which of the following? Noise b. The electric component of a beam of polarized light is Ey=(5.00V/m)sin[(1.00106m1)z+t]E_y=(5.00V/m)\sin[(1.00 \times 10^6 m^{-1})z + \omega t]Ey=(5.00V/m)sin[(1.00106m1)z+t]. These pathogens include, but are not limited to, hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The lymphatic system will play a role in defending the body against pathogens and maintaining a state of homeostasis. (b) How do they differ? __ escribo correos a mi mejor amigo. 5. Which pathogen needs a host cell to reproduce? Which of the following is a major virulence factor for the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus? Leishmania (Leishmaniasis) This problem has been solved! Which of the following is the most likely explanation? Neglect energy transfers with the environment. The larval form of Schistosoma mansoni uses a __________ to help it gain entry through intact skin. The EPS protects the bacteria from the host's immune response. C Protozoa Simple one-celled organisms that are the most powerful pathogens are what? Section: 07.05, Which of the following is not an autoimmune disease? If racing at sea level, find the velocity this cyclist can maintain. epinephrine a. pathogens *The purpose of a vaccination is to prevent an infection by causing active immunity. Blood splash to the nose Needle stick Through the air Blood exposure to skin that is chapped or abraded 7, Which of the following is the appropriate place to dispose of glass pieces from broken slides or ampules? In what way are lymphatic vessels unlike veins in the cardiovascular system? B. Uploaded By AndreaM8. "As a student, I am NOT required to receive the Hepatitis B vaccination prior to starting my clinical rotations. A) alveolar macrophage - lungs B) microglial cells - brain Adhesins are usually located on __________ of the pathogen and are composed mainly of __________ and __________. steroid A very hot 300 g copper cylinder is dropped into the water, causing the water to boil, with 5.00 g being converted to steam. difficulty breathing, difficulty breathing a. the vehicle that carries the pathogen b. a person or population that comes in contact with a pathogen c. a person who has a party for friends and family d. the intermediate resevoir where the pathogen lives A person or population that comes in contact with a pathogen Section: 07.04, If you were vaccinated against the mumps virus and later exposed to it, you would still be infected but it would not be as bad as if you had never been vaccinated. helps other immune responses. Legal. phagocytosis is involved. swelling *T cells possess specific receptors that help them identify antigens. School Georgia State University; Course Title MATH 2212; Type. Inactivate the gene so that fimbriae are no longer produced. 2 0 obj Bloodborne Pathogens are microorganisms in blood that may cause disease in humans. ", "According the Centers for Disease Control, how many people living in the United States suffer from chronic HBV? Which of the following pathogens undergoes antigenic variation to avoid immune defenses? A microbiologist has identified a new gram-negative pathogen that causes liver disease in rats. The body will not be able to fight off the pathogen quickly, because it knows how to get into the body easier. perchlorate is released as a gas form rockets but is then dissolved into water in the atmosphere or when it falls to the ground, The Language of Composition: Reading, Writing, Rhetoric, Lawrence Scanlon, Renee H. Shea, Robin Dissin Aufses, Literature and Composition: Reading, Writing,Thinking, Carol Jago, Lawrence Scanlon, Renee H. Shea, Robin Dissin Aufses. mycoses. Try it now. <>>> pain During an oral surgery, the surgeon nicked the patients gum with a sharp instrument. Which of the following is a pathogen that could not be identified by the original Kochs postulates? D antibodies. D Strep throat and pneumonia, __________ are single celled organisms. Julie S Snyder, Linda Lilley, Shelly Collins, Introduction to Sports Medicine and Athletic Training, April Lynch, Jerome Kotecki, Karen Vail-Smith, Laura Bonazzoli, Janet L. Hopson, Rebecca J. Donatelle, Tanya R. Littrell. pathogens are one of the major sources of environmental risks. Automatically remove your image background. antigen binds to BCR; B cell activated; B cell divides; plasma cells form Needlesticks and other sharps-related injuries may expose workers to bloodborne pathogens. ", "In contrast to HIV, the Hepatits B virus has a much higher risk of transmission from something like a needle stick. a part of the membrane attack complex of the complement system anything the immune system recognizes as foreign to the body